With well-written prompts, AI models can give convincing and detailed answers to your questions. This section shows the difference in how various models answer questions.
Closed-domain question answering
Task:
Answer a question using a strictly limited field of knowledge.
Prompt:
Who wrote the novel 'Nineteen Eighty-Four'?
Result:
GPT 4o:
The novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" was written by George Orwell.
Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
The novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" was written by George Orwell, an outstanding English novelist, essayist and critic.
**Key facts about the novel and its author:**
- Orwell wrote "Nineteen Eighty-Four" in 1948.
- It is one of the best known and most influential novels in world literature.
- The novel explores the psychological and moral dilemmas of its main character, Winston Smith.
- "Nineteen Eighty-Four" is considered one of Orwell's finest works, alongside "Animal Farm", "Homage to Catalonia" and "Burmese Days".
- Orwell was born in 1903 and died in 1950, leaving an enormous mark on world literature and political thought.
The novel is a key work of twentieth-century English literature and continues to be relevant and widely discussed to this day.
Gemini 1.5 Pro:
The novel "Nineteen Eighty-Four" was written by George Orwell.
Comment:
- GPT 4o:
The answer to the question about "Nineteen Eighty-Four" is extremely short and precise. It gives the required information straight away, naming George Orwell as the author. Strength: Brevity and focus on the key fact, well suited to a quick lookup.
- Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
Claude offers a fuller answer. Besides naming the author, the model adds a short biography of Orwell and a description of his literary legacy. Strength: Enriched context, useful for readers who want extra facts and want to broaden their knowledge.
- Gemini 1.5 Pro:
The answer is practically identical to GPT 4o — short and to the point. Only the author is named, with no extra detail. Strength: A simple, fast answer for anyone who needs the facts alone.
Open-domain question answering
Task:
Answer a question without being confined to a single field of knowledge.
Prompt:
What are the main causes of global warming? Give a short answer
Result:
GPT 4o:
**The main causes of global warming include:**
- Burning fossil fuels: coal, oil and gas release carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases.
- Deforestation: reduces the planet's capacity to absorb CO2.
- Agriculture: produces methane and nitrous oxide, powerful greenhouse gases.
- Industrial emissions: include various greenhouse gases.
- Urban infrastructure: increases energy consumption and emissions.
Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
The main causes of global warming:
- Greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2, from burning fossil fuels
- Deforestation, which reduces CO2 absorption
- Industrial emissions and processes
- Agriculture, especially livestock farming (methane release)
- Population growth and urbanization, which increase consumption of energy and resources
These factors intensify the greenhouse effect, driving up the global temperature.
Gemini 1.5 Pro:
The main cause of global warming is the rising concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. This is driven mainly by burning fossil fuels, deforestation and certain kinds of agricultural activity.
Comment:
- GPT 4o:
The model lists the main causes of global warming, emphasizing fossil fuel burning, deforestation and other factors. The answer is short but dense and covers all the key aspects. Strength: A clear structure and a detailed list of factors, which makes the answer easy to read and informative.
- Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
Claude also gives a clear, structured answer, highlighting the main causes and their contribution to global warming. The model covers urbanization and agriculture in detail. Strength: Broader coverage of the topic, mentioning every factor including population growth and urbanization.
- Gemini 1.5 Pro:
The answer is shorter, but the model still manages to list the main causes of global warming, focusing on greenhouse gases, fuel burning and deforestation. Strength: Simple and easy to grasp quickly.
Scientific questions and answers
Task:
Answer a difficult scientific question with an explanation.
Prompt:
What is photosynthesis and how does it happen? Give a short answer
Result:
GPT 4o:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, producing glucose from carbon dioxide and water. It takes place in the chloroplasts and involves two main stages: the light phase, where light energy is used to form ATP and NADPH, and the dark phase (the Calvin cycle), where those molecules are used to synthesize glucose. Photosynthesis releases oxygen as a result.
Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
Photosynthesis is the process in which plants use the energy of sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. It takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells and consists of two main stages: the light phase, where light energy is converted into chemical energy, and the dark phase (the Calvin cycle), where that energy is used to synthesize glucose. Oxygen is released as a by-product.
Gemini 1.5 Pro:
Photosynthesis is the process in which plants, algae and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy. The process:
- Plants absorb light using chlorophyll, a green pigment.
- Using the energy of light, carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil are converted into glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
- The glucose is used as an energy source, and the oxygen is released into the atmosphere.
Comment:
- GPT 4o:
The model explains photosynthesis by splitting it into the light and dark phases, emphasizing chemical energy and the release of oxygen. Strength: A clear, detailed explanation with the focus on the main stages of the process.
- Claude 3.5 Sonnet:
Claude also offers a short explanation, describing photosynthesis through its two phases and highlighting the main chemical reactions. Strength: A detailed explanation for anyone interested in the scientific side of photosynthesis.
- Gemini 1.5 Pro:
The model offers a more general description of photosynthesis, focusing on its key points, such as the conversion of light into chemical energy. Strength: A simple, accessible explanation that suits a broad audience.